首届世界佛教论坛发表的《普陀山宣言》指出：“在和平与发展的主流之外，世有不谐，人有不和，心有不安。”这是当今国际社会和世界各大宗教共同面临的历史性难题，化解这一难题更是全球佛教界义不容辞的时代任务。在此我想就“传承与调适”这个话题谈谈僧团建设，请诸山长老和各位大善知识指教。

传承与调适是僧团住持佛法的使命职责与重要举措，其目标不外内修外弘、自利利他。内修就是庄严正报，加强寺院僧团管理与信众队伍自身建设；外弘就是庄严依报、服务社会。

所谓“传”，一是传正法，就是要打好佛教住世的思想理论基础。如来一代时教始于《华严》终于《遗教》。古德云：“不读《华严》不知佛富贵，不读《遗教》不知佛教诫。”因此，寺院僧团要以《佛遗教经》、《佛说四十二章经》和《八大人觉经》作为指导信仰的思想基础，作为指导修行实践的理论基础，在此基础上开阐般若、教观、净土等法门，做到以信为基，解行并进。二是要传正信，就是要引导信众深信因果，防非离过，发扬实践精神，运用哲学思维，修证宗教智慧。作为能信之人要坚持“依法不依人、依义不依语、依了义不依不了义、依智不依识”的依止原则； 对所信之法要以“诸行无常、诸法无我、涅槃寂静”作为识别正邪法的标准法印。佛法的因果 、缘起、性空等基本教义精神与世间科学和哲学相向而行、相辅相成；佛教的四摄、六度、三十七道品等修行实践内容共通与社会人文伦理、公共道德甚至其他宗教基本教义，传正信就是禁止邪见惑众，不得邪命自活。而佛法的实相义理和解行境界有别与其他宗教和民俗文化，因此寺院僧团不但要坚持清净自活，更要努力进修弘扬大乘不共法，而且能融摄各大宗教文化和各种思想文明，以无碍辩才畅扬宇宙人生最高真理。

所谓“承”，一是承宗风，就是要打好佛教住世的师资基础。古人认为，师者以道教弟子，故称为师；弟子者资助师，故称为资。法华文句曰：“师有匠成之能，学者具资禀之德，资则舍父从师，敬师如父，师之谦让处过如弟故。”上世纪初以来，僧才培养渐以学院教育为主，禅门教学中觌面相呈，棒喝交参，子啐母啄，不拘一格的师承关系显得更为稀有。寺院僧团要发扬禅门师徒以道为生命，充满情谊的传承精神，如宗师之“云门宗风”与“德山宗风”，宗门之“临济宗风”与“曹洞宗风”。为师者要做到“养子弟，如养芝兰，既积学以培之，更积善以润之。”作为弟子，“学在其后为弟，解从义生为子”；“以师望资，犹弟犹子；以资望师，如兄如父”；“向上一路”在于事师修行。二是承责任，就是要承担相应的历史与社会责任。佛教不但要以传戒的方式成就学道者，更要以传法的方式成就布道者。法师要具足善知法义、能广宣说、处众无畏、无断辩才、巧方便说、法随法行、威仪具足、勇猛精进、身心无倦、成就忍力等十德。要建立法师认证体系，使法师队伍具有宗师作风与宗门气象，确保佛法源流永远正传。寺院僧团要在具德的法师带领下更好地承担起社会道德教化责任，以适应时代社会的方式诠释佛法理念引领社会风化，做到“住一方寺院，保一方平安”。

所谓“调”，一是调自心，就是要打好佛教住世的组织基础。进入互联网时代，海量信息泥沙具下，僧团组织必须坚守正信阵地，发挥中流柢柱作用，才堪当住持佛法的重任。僧人面对“世法八风”的侵蚀，必须调伏贪、嗔、痴、慢、疑、恶见等烦恼心，调治忿、恨、覆、恼、嫉、悭、诳、谄、害、憍、无惭、无愧、掉举、惛沈、不信、懈怠、放逸、失念、散乱、不正知等随烦恼心，保持信、惭、愧、无贪、无嗔、无痴、勤、轻安、不放逸、行舍、不害等善心。随着僧腊增长，面对社会尊重、信众供养要始终保持一颗出家如初的信敬、勤勉、谦恭、感恩之心。二是调关系，就是要建设好佛教住世的社会基础。要以“六和敬”精神调节好僧团内部各方面的关系，以“三皈”、“五戒”精神调节好僧团与信众的关系，以“四摄”、“六度”精神调节好信众与社会大众的关系；要以历史使命感与社会责任感调节好佛教事业与国家层面的物质文明、精神文明、政治文明、社会文明、生态文明各项事业之间的能所依正关系；以佛教圆融无碍的教理和博大精深的文化优势，跨地域、跨国界与各种宗教、学术、文化、民俗开展广泛交流，互相借鉴，和光同尘，共襄文明。

所谓“适”，一是适时势。首先要与时俱进，从佛学素养、信仰正见、修证体验、“五明学处”等方面提高僧人素质，以菩萨乘行者的人格魅力影响社会大众；从和敬安住、寺容寺貌、弘法设施、应用功能等方面综合提升寺院品位，在全球化的新环境、新语境下，运用互联网思维提升佛教的弘传能力。其次要因应时势以法利生。要在加强自身道风建设的同时抵制将神圣信仰演变成物化商品进行消费的流弊；要了解当今世界和平与发展的时代主流需要佛教做什么？自己的国家、所在的地区需要佛教做什么？怎样将利生事业做得更好？二是适机宜。当今佛教在信仰圈层，内有僧团，外有居士信众；在社会圈层，内有居士道场，外有各界各业；在文化圈层，内有佛教学者，外有科学哲学文化学者，寺院僧团要善于汇聚这“三个圈层”的力量开展弘法利生。坚持佛陀基本教义原则，随缘不变，不变随缘，隐实显权，方便入世，创新方式、拓展途径，导利大众、服务社会。

总之，当今佛教必须保持正统传承，积极调整提升，主动适应多元化、现代化环境，发挥教理圆融、教仪庄严，最能包容、善于入世的优势，为维护世界和平、保护地球生态、促进社会和谐，实现“人心和善、家庭和乐、人际和顺、社会和睦、文明和谐、世界和平”发挥新的历史性作用。

Tradition and Adaptation in Buddhism (Summary)

By Venerable Daoci, The Vice-president of
 The Buddhist Association of China

The Declaration of Putuo Mountain from the World Buddhist Forum points that: “Apart from the main stream of peace and development, the world is not peaceful, people are not in harmony, and minds are not at peace.  Therefore, This is the main problem we are all dealing with from all different religions internationally.  Solving this problem would be the duty in this worldwide Buddhist community for the time.

Tradition and Adaptation is way of preaching the dharma and passing on the responsibility in the Sangha community.  The aim is simple: enrich oneself, and benefit the others.

The so-called “Tradition”, first of all, is to pass on the dharma, in another words, layout the foundation for the ideas and theory.  Buddhist Master said:” One do not know the richness of Buddhism, if one do not study Avatamasa Sutra.  Therefore, it is important for the Sangha community to study the Buddhist sutra as the foundation of thinking, and the guidance for practicing dharma.  This expanded and developed the schools of prajnā-pāramitā,  pureland etc. based on faith, and then study and practice at the same time.

Secondly, passing on the rightful faith.  It's to guide the Buddhist of believing Cause and Effect.  Enhance the spirit of Practice, through thinking philosophically, and then prove the wisdom of Buddhism.

The so-called “heritage”, first is to inherit the tradition, it means to make solid foundation of the quality of teaching.  Since the last century, the cultivation of Sangha is relying on academic system rather than the traditional monastic education system. That loosens the relationship between Sangha in Buddhist community, and the inseparable friendship between Sangha in the tradition is disappearing.  Therefore, The Sangha community should enhance the spirit of tradition, guide the dharma with lives as in the Chan school, uphold the tradition which is fulfilled with friendship.

Secondly, it's taking up the responsibility for the related history and the society. Buddhism is not merely shaping up the enlightening Buddhist practitioners by passing on the precepts.  Moreover, it passes on the dharma in order to nurture the dharma preachers.  Sangha needs to be knowledgeable in Buddhist studies, good in communication, fearless, debatable, skilful, presentable, focus and hard working, humble, healthy and calm.  These are the ten virtues of Sangha.

The so-called “adjustment”, first is to adjust one's mind, which is to layout the structural foundation of the Buddhist community in this world.  Entering the Internet era, information is pouring down in huge amount.  Sangha community need to be strong and stable, stand firm in front of temptation, in order to protect the base camp of the dharma.  This is an important role for the Sangha.

The so-called “Adaptation”, is to adapt to the timely environment, keep updated with the society.  Enrich one with Buddhist studies and practices.  Bring positive impact and benefit the general public in the society by the charming characteristic of bodhisattva.  Started from settle down well with respect in the Sangha community, the outlook of the monasteries, the equipments for preaching, the application of function etc. to upgrade the grading of the monasteries.  Also, preaching dharma with along the flow of the conditions, such as in this climates of new world, we can use the Internet to preach dharma as a skill means, and benefit a larger populations in a more effective way.

In short, Buddhist community need to keep the tradition, be adapted and upgraded in this multi-tasked and modernised environment.  Enhance the all-rounded Buddhist theory and the beauty of Buddhist teaching, in order to promote world peace, green peace, and the harmony in society. Shaping up the “kind minds, happy family, charming community, and harmony in civilization.  That is the function and contribution of Buddhism that will make an impact for writing the history.